SMRTR Science & EngineeringNov 10, 2025Ars Technica

Runaway black hole mergers may have built supermassive black holes

SMRTR summary

Scientists used advanced computer simulations to recreate the first 700 million years of cosmic history, discovering that early galaxies experienced explosive star formation bursts with up to 80% of gas converting to stars. These stellar clusters merged at galaxy centers, creating massive nuclear star clusters that may have formed the foundation for supermassive black holes, potentially solving the mystery of how these cosmic giants emerged so early in the universe's history.

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