Predicting Molecular Structures with AlphaFold 2 and 3

Google DeepMind's AlphaFold 2, which won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, revolutionizes protein structure prediction by accurately determining 3D structures from amino acid sequences using deep learning, replacing years of experimental work with rapid computational analysis. AlphaFold 3 expands these capabilities to predict complex molecular interactions including proteins with DNA, RNA, and small molecules, though commercial use remains restricted unlike AlphaFold 2's open licensing.