New light-controlled material can switch between multiple structures on demand

Japanese scientists at Chiba University have developed a material that can switch between one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional structures by adjusting light intensity. The supramolecular polymer uses a molecule combining azobenzene and barbituric acid components that respond differently to strong versus weak ultraviolet light. This creates the first non-biological system that adaptively changes structure based on energy input, mimicking living organisms. The technology could enable smart materials for self-healing surfaces, dynamic sensors, and adaptable drug-delivery systems.