SMRTR Science & EngineeringJul 13, 2026Nautilus

How Mariner 4 Rewrote What We Know About Mars

SMRTR summary

Sixty-one years ago, Mariner 4 became the first spacecraft to photograph Mars up close, crushing hopes of finding alien civilizations by revealing a barren, cratered world. Today, NASA's Curiosity and Perseverance rovers continue searching for signs of ancient microbial life, having already found complex organic compounds in Martian soil.

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