SMRTR Science & EngineeringSep 11, 2025Interesting Engineering

Atlas blue butterfly packs 229 chromosomes, most of any multicellular animal

SMRTR summary

The Atlas blue butterfly has been confirmed to possess 229 pairs of chromosomes—the highest count among multicellular animals—compared to just 24 in closely related species. Scientists discovered this extreme number resulted from chromosome splitting over three million years, potentially increasing genetic diversity while creating survival risks. The butterfly's unique genome may offer insights for evolution research, cancer treatment, and conservation efforts as the species faces threats from habitat loss and climate change.

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