10,000 tiny particles defy Newton’s action-reaction law to stay in constant motion
SMRTR summary
Japanese researchers created a system of 10,000+ microscopic particles that defies Newton's third law. Under an electric field, larger particles attracted smaller ones more strongly than vice versa, causing unequal pairs to form and self-propel. The clusters repeatedly broke apart and reformed instead of clumping, suggesting nonreciprocal interactions could inspire programmable materials and microrobotics.
SMRTR provides this summary for quick context. The original article belongs to Interesting Engineering.
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